Environmental Quality, Air Quality

Rule R307-335

Ozone Nonattainment and Maintenance Areas: Degreasing and Solvent Cleaning Operations

Notice of Proposed Rule

(Amendment)

DAR File No.: 36482
Filed: 07/11/2012 05:19:43 PM

RULE ANALYSIS

Purpose of the rule or reason for the change:

The purpose of this amendment is to assist states in the uniform development of control measures for volatile organic compounds (VOCs). EPA has developed control measure guidance documents called control techniques guidelines (CTGs) for VOCs. As part of the PM2.5 State Implementation Plan, the Utah Air Quality Board is proposing to amend Rule R307-335 to reflect control measures in EPA's CTG for degreasing operations.

Summary of the rule or change:

New sections are added, including a section for industrial solvent cleaning requirements; a section of regulatory requirements for emission control systems; and a section for solvent containing waste disposal requirements. The rule is also changed to apply to Box Elder, Cache, Davis, Salt Lake, Tooele, Utah, and Weber counties. During the public comment period, the Division of Air Quality (DAQ) is soliciting public input on the appropriateness of applying this rule in Tooele and Box Elder counties.

State statutory or constitutional authorization for this rule:

• Subsection 19-2-104(1)(a)

Anticipated cost or savings to:

the state budget:

Because the revisions to the rule do not increase or decrease the cost to administer this rule, no costs or savings are anticipated for the state budget.

local governments:

Because this revision does not create new requirements for local governments, and because it is administered by the state, there are no anticipated costs or savings to local governments.

small businesses:

The new requirements of this rule will result in a slight increase of costs to small businesses. There are no anticipated costs or savings to limit VOC emissions through using industrial solvent cleaners with a VOC content of 0.42 pounds per gallon or less; however, if an owner or operator installs an emissions control system, the cost would be approximately $1,640 per ton of VOC removed.

persons other than small businesses, businesses, or local governmental entities:

Because the revision does not create new requirements for persons other than small businesses, businesses, or local governments entities, there are no anticipated costs or savings.

Compliance costs for affected persons:

The new requirements of this rule will result in a slight increase of costs to small businesses. There are no anticipated costs or savings to limit VOC emissions through using industrial solvent cleaners with a VOC content of 0.42 pounds per gallon or less; however, if an owner or operator installs an emissions control system, the cost would be approximately $1,640 per ton of VOC removed.

Comments by the department head on the fiscal impact the rule may have on businesses:

The new requirements of this rule will result in a slight increase of costs to small businesses. There are no anticipated costs or savings to limit VOC emissions through using industrial solvent cleaners with a VOC content of 0.42 pounds per gallon or less; however, if an owner or operator installs an emissions control system, the cost would be approximately $1,640 per ton of VOC removed.

Amanda Smith, Executive Director

The full text of this rule may be inspected, during regular business hours, at the Division of Administrative Rules, or at:

Environmental Quality
Air QualityRoom Fourth Floor
195 N 1950 W
SALT LAKE CITY, UT 84116-3085

Direct questions regarding this rule to:

• Mark Berger at the above address, by phone at 801-536-4000, by FAX at 801-536-0085, or by Internet E-mail at mberger@utah.gov

Interested persons may present their views on this rule by submitting written comments to the address above no later than 5:00 p.m. on:

08/31/2012

Interested persons may attend a public hearing regarding this rule:

• 08/15/2012 09:00 AM, DEQ, 195 N 1950 W, Salt Lake City, UT

This rule may become effective on:

10/04/2012

Authorized by:

Bryce Bird, Director

R307. Environmental Quality, Air Quality.

R307-335. [Ozone Nonattainment and Maintenance Areas: ]Degreasing and Solvent Cleaning Operations.

R307-335-1. Purpose.

The purpose of this rule is to limit volatile organic compound (VOC) emission from[establish Reasonably Available Control Technology (RACT) for] degreasing and solvent cleaning operations[that are located in an ozone nonattainment or maintenance area. The rule is based on federal control technique guidance documents].

 

R307-335-2. Applicability.

R307-335 applies to all degreasing or solvent cleaning operations that use [volatile organic compounds (VOCs)] and that are located in [any ozone nonattainment or maintenance area.]Box Elder, Cache, Davis, Salt Lake, Tooele, Utah, and Weber counties.

 

R307-335-3. Definitions.

The following additional definitions apply to R307-335:

"Batch [O]open [T]top [V]vapor [D]degreasing" means the batch process of cleaning and removing grease and soils from metal surfaces by condensing hot solvent vapor on the colder metal parts.

"Cold [C]cleaning" means the batch process of cleaning and removing soils from metal surfaces by spraying, brushing, flushing or immersing while maintaining the solvent below its boiling point.

"Conveyorized [D]degreasing" means the continuous process of cleaning and removing greases and soils from metal surfaces by using either cold or vaporized solvents.

"Freeboard [R]ratio" means the freeboard height (distance between solvent line and top of container) divided by the width of the degreaser.

"Industrial solvent cleaning" means operations performed using a liquid that contains any VOC, or combination of VOCs, which is used to clean parts, tools, machinery, equipment and work areas. Cleaning operations include, but are not limited to, spraying, wiping, dipping, flushing, and purging.

"Open [T]top [V]vapor [D]degreaser" means the batch process of cleaning and removing soils from metal surfaces by condensing low solvent vapor on the colder metal parts.

"Separation [O]operation" means any process that separates a mixture of compounds and solvents into two or more components. Specific mechanisms include extraction, centrifugation, filtration, and crystallization.

"Solvent [M]metal [C]cleaning" means the process of cleaning soils from metal surfaces by cold cleaning, open top vapor degreasers, or conveyorized degreasing.

 

R307-335-4. Cold Cleaning Facilities.

No owner or operator shall operate a degreasing or solvent cleaning operation unless conditions in R307-335-4(1) through (7) [below] are met.

(1) A cover shall be installed which shall remain closed except during actual loading, unloading or handling of parts in cleaner. The cover shall be designed so that it can be easily operated with one hand if:

(a) [t]The volatility of the solvent is greater than 2 kPa (15 mm Hg or 0.3 psi) measured at 38 degrees C (100 degrees F),

(b) [t]The solvent is agitated, or

(c) [t]The solvent is heated.

(2) An internal draining rack for cleaned parts shall be installed on which parts shall be drained until all dripping ceases. If the volatility of the solvent is greater than 4.3 kPa (32 mm Hg at 38 degrees C (100 degrees F)), the drainage facility must be internal, so that parts are enclosed under the cover while draining. The drainage facility may be external for applications where an internal type cannot fit into the cleaning system.

(3) Waste or used solvent shall be stored in covered containers. Waste solvents or waste materials which contain solvents shall be disposed of by recycling, reclaiming, or by incineration in an incinerator approved to process hazardous materials[, or by an alternate means approved by the executive secretary].

(4) Tanks, containers and all associated equipment shall be maintained in good operating condition , and leaks shall be repaired immediately or the degreaser shall be shutdown.

(5) Written procedures for the operation and maintenance of the degreasing or solvent cleaning equipment shall be permanently posted in an accessible and conspicuous location near the equipment.

(6) If the solvent volatility is greater than 4.3 kPa (33 mm Hg or 0.6 psi) measured at 38 degrees C (100 degrees F), or if solvent is heated above 50 degrees C (120 degrees F), then one of the following control devices shall be used:

(a) [f]Freeboard that gives a freeboard ratio greater than 0.7;

(b) [w]Water cover if the solvent is insoluble in and heavier than water); or

(c) [o]Other systems of equivalent control, such as a refrigerated chiller or carbon [absorption]adsorption.

(7) If used, the solvent spray shall be a solid fluid stream at a pressure that does not cause excessive splashing and may not be a fine, atomized or shower type spray.

 

R307-335-5. Open Top Vapor Degreasers.

Owners or operators of open top vapor degreasers shall, in addition to meeting the requirements of R307-335-4(3), (4) and (5),

(1) Equip the vapor degreaser with a cover that can be opened and closed without disturbing the vapor zone. The cover shall be closed except when processing work loads through the degreaser;

(2) Install one of the following control devices:

(a) Equipment necessary to sustain:

(i) [a]A freeboard ratio greater than or equal to 0.75, and

(ii) [a]A powered cover if the degreaser opening is greater than 1 square meter (10 .8 square feet),

(b) Refrigerated chiller,

(c) Enclosed design (cover or door opens only when the dry part is actually entering or exiting the degreaser),

(d) Carbon adsorption system, with ventilation greater than or equal to 15 cubic meters per minute per square meter (50 cubic feet per minute per square foot) of air/vapor area when cover is open and exhausting less than 25 parts per million of solvent averaged over one complete adsorption cycle;

(3) Minimize solvent carryout by:

(a) Racking parts to allow complete drainage,

(b) Moving parts in and out of the degreaser at less than 3.3 meters per minute (11 feet per minute),

(c) Holding the parts in the vapor zone at least 30 seconds or until condensation ceases,

(d) Tipping out any pool of solvent on the cleaned parts before removal, and

(e) Allowing the parts to dry within the degreaser for at least 15 seconds or until visibly dry.

(4) Spray parts only in or below the vapor level[,];

(5) Not use ventilation fans near the degreaser opening, nor provide exhaust ventilation exceeding 20 cubic meters per minute per square meter (65 cubic feet per minute per square foot) in degreaser open area, unless necessary to meet [S]state and [F]federal occupational, health, and safety requirements.[ The exhaust ventilation flow indicated above shall be measured using EPA Reference Methods 1 and 2 of 40 CFR Part 60, or by EPA-approved equivalent state methods;]

(6) Not degrease porous or absorbent materials, such as cloth, leather, wood or rope;

(7) Not allow work loads to occupy more than half of the degreaser's open top area;

(8) Ensure that solvent is not visually detectable in water exiting the water separator;

(9) Install safety switches on the following:

(a) Condenser flow switch and thermostat (shuts off sump heat if condenser coolant is either not circulating or too warm); and

(b) Spray switch (shuts off spray pump if the vapor level drops excessively, i.e., greater than 10 cm (4 inches) .[; and]

[ (10) Ensure that the control device specified by (2)(b) or (d) above meet the applicable requirements of R307-340-4 and 15.

] (10) Open top vapor degreasers with an open area smaller than one square meter (10.[9]8 square feet) are exempt from R307-335-5(2)(b) and (d)[above].

 

R307-335-6. Conveyorized Degreasers.

Owners and operators of conveyorized degreasers shall, in addition to meeting the requirements of R307-335-4(3), (4) and (5) and R307-335-5(5):

(1) Install one of the following control devices for conveyorized degreasers with an air/vapor interface equal to or greater than [2.0]two square meters (21.[6]5 square feet):

(a) Refrigerated chiller ; or

(b) Carbon adsorption system, with ventilation greater than or equal to 15 cubic meters per minute per square meter (50 cubic feet per minute per square foot) of air/vapor area when downtime covers are open, and exhausting less than 25 parts per million of solvent, by volume, averaged over a complete adsorption cycle.

(2) Equip the cleaner with equipment, such as a drying tunnel or rotating (tumbling) basket, sufficient to prevent cleaned parts from carrying out solvent liquid or vapor.

(3) Provide downtime covers for closing off the entrance and exit during shutdown hours. Ensure that down-time cover is placed over entrances and exits of conveyorized degreasers immediately after the conveyor and exhaust are shut down and is removed just before they are started up.

(4) Minimize carryout emissions by racking parts for best drainage and maintaining the vertical conveyor speed at less than 3.3 meters per minute (11 feet per minute).

[(5) Ensure that the control device specified by (1)(a) or (b) above meet the applicable requirements of R307-340-4 and 15.

]([6]5) Minimize openings: Entrances and exits should silhouette work loads so that the average clearance (between parts and the edge of the degreaser opening) is either less than 10 cm (4 inches) or less than 10% of the width of the opening.

([7]6) Install safety switches on the following:

(a) Condenser flow switch and thermostat - shuts off sump heat if coolant is either not circulating or [two]too warm;

(b) Spray switch - shuts off spray pump or conveyor if the vapor level drops excessively, i.e., greater than 10 cm or (4 inches); and

(c) Vapor level control thermostat -[ to] shuts off sump level if vapor level rises too high.

([8]7) Ensure that solvent is not visibly detectable in the water exiting the water separator.

 

[R307-335-7. Alternate Methods of Control.

(1) Any person may apply to the executive secretary for approval of an alternate test method, an alternate method of control, an alternate compliance period, an alternate emission limit, or an alternate monitoring schedule. The application must include a demonstration that the proposed alternate produces an equal or greater air quality benefit than that required by R307-335, or that the alternate test method is equivalent to that required by these rules. The executive secretary shall obtain concurrence from EPA when approving an alternate test method, an alternate method of control, an alternate compliance period, an alternate emission limit, or an alternate monitoring schedule.

(2) Manufacturer's operational specifications, records, and testings of any control system shall use the applicable EPA Reference Methods of 40 CFR Part 60, the most recent EPA test methods, or EPA-approved state methods, to determine the efficiency of the control device. In addition, the owner or operator must meet the applicable requirements of record keeping for any control device. A record of all tests, monitoring, and inspections required by R307-335 shall be maintained by the owner or operator for a minimum of 2 years and shall be made available to the executive secretary or the executive secretary's representative upon request. Any malfunctioning control device shall be repaired within 15 calendar days after it is found by the owner or operator to be malfunctioning, unless otherwise approved by the executive secretary.

(3) For purposes of determining compliance with emission limits, VOCs and nitrogen oxides will be measured by the test methods identified in federal regulation or approved by the executive secretary. Where such a method also inadvertently measures compounds with negligible photochemical reactivity, an owner or operator may exclude these negligibly reactive compounds when determining compliance with an emissions standard.

 

]R307-335-7. Industrial Solvent Cleaning.

(1) Operators of industrial solvent cleaning that emit 15 pounds of VOCs or more per day shall reduce VOC emissions from the use, handling, storage, and disposal of cleaning solvents and shop towels by implementing the following work practices:

(a) Covering open containers; and

(b) Storing used applicators and shop towels in closed fire proof containers.

(2) Owners or operators shall limit VOC emissions by either:

(a) Using cleaning solutions with vapor pressure less than or equal to eight millimeters of mercury (mm Hg) at 20° C;

(b) Using solvents with a VOC content of 0.42 pounds per gallon or less; or

(c) Installing an emission control system designed to have an overall control efficiency of at least 85%.

 

R307-335-8. Emission Control Systems.

(1) The owner or operator of a control device shall provide certification from the manufacturer that the emission control system will attain required efficiency performance.

(2) Emission control systems shall be operated and maintained in accordance with the manufacturer recommendations. The owner or operator shall maintain for a minimum of two years records of operating and maintenance sufficient to demonstrate that the equipment is being operated and maintained in accordance with the manufacturer recommendations.

 

R307-335-9. Solvent Containing Waste Disposal.

Waste solvents or waste materials that contain solvents shall be disposed of by recycling, reclaiming or by incineration in an incinerator approved to process hazardous materials or by an alternate means approved by the director.

 

R307-335-[8]10. Compliance Schedule.

All sources within Salt Lake and Davis counties shall be in compliance with this rule upon the effective date. All sources in Box Elder, Cache, Tooele, Utah, and Weber counties[within any newly designated nonattainment area for ozone] shall be in compliance with this rule by September 1, 2013[within 180 days of the effective date of designation to nonattainment].

 

KEY: air pollution, degreasing, solvent cleaning[, ozone]

Date of Enactment or Last Substantive Amendment: [January 16, 2007]2012

Notice of Continuation: February 1, 2012

Authorizing, and Implemented or Interpreted Law: 19-2-104(1)(a)