DAR File No. 37320
This rule was published in the March 1, 2013, issue (Vol. 2013, No. 5) of the Utah State Bulletin.
Environmental Quality, Solid and Hazardous Waste
Rule R315-101
Cleanup Action and Risk-Based Closure Standards
Notice of Proposed Rule
(Amendment)
DAR File No.: 37320
Filed: 02/15/2013 08:25:04 AM
RULE ANALYSIS
Purpose of the rule or reason for the change:
Changes are required to conform with S.B. 21 passed during 2012 General Session (Chapter 360, Laws of Utah 2012).
Summary of the rule or change:
S.B. 21, passed during the 2012 General Session, removed some authorities from the Utah Solid and Hazardous Waste Control Board and its Executive Secretary and gave them to the Director of the Division of Solid and Hazardous Waste. This change in statute now requires changes to the Solid and Hazardous Waste rules. Specifically, references to the "Board" and the "Executive Secretary" in the rules need to be changed to "Director" as appropriate.
State statutory or constitutional authorization for this rule:
- Section 19-6-105
- Section 19-6-107
- Section 19-6-106
Anticipated cost or savings to:
the state budget:
There are no anticipated costs or savings as this amendment only changes who has authority to make regulatory decisions.
local governments:
There are no anticipated costs or savings as this amendment only changes who has authority to make regulatory decisions.
small businesses:
There are no anticipated costs or savings as this amendment only changes who has authority to make regulatory decisions.
persons other than small businesses, businesses, or local governmental entities:
There are no anticipated costs or savings as this amendment only changes who has authority to make regulatory decisions.
Compliance costs for affected persons:
There are no compliance costs for affected persons as this amendment only changes who has authority to make regulatory decisions.
Comments by the department head on the fiscal impact the rule may have on businesses:
There is no anticipated fiscal impact on businesses as this amendment only changes who has authority to make regulatory decisions.
Amanda Smith, Executive Director
The full text of this rule may be inspected, during regular business hours, at the Division of Administrative Rules, or at:
Environmental QualitySolid and Hazardous WasteRoom Second Floor
195 N 1950 W
SALT LAKE CITY, UT 84116-3097
Direct questions regarding this rule to:
- Allan Moore at the above address, by phone at 801-536-0211, by FAX at 801-536-0222, or by Internet E-mail at allanmoore@utah.gov
- Tina Mercer at the above address, by phone at 801-536-0259, by FAX at 801-536-0222, or by Internet E-mail at tmmercer@utah.gov
Interested persons may present their views on this rule by submitting written comments to the address above no later than 5:00 p.m. on:
04/01/2013
This rule may become effective on:
04/15/2013
Authorized by:
Scott Anderson, Director
RULE TEXT
R315. Environmental Quality, Solid and Hazardous Waste.
R315-101. Cleanup Action and Risk-Based Closure Standards.
R315-101-1. Purpose, Applicability.
(a) Purpose. R315-101 establishes information requirements to support risk-based cleanup and closure standards at sites for which remediation or removal of hazardous constituents to background levels will not be achieved. The procedures in this rule also provide for continued management of sites for which minimal risk-based standards cannot be met.
(b) Applicability.
(1) R315-101 is applicable to any responsible party involved in management of a site contaminated with hazardous waste or hazardous constituents. This rule does not apply to a site that has been or will be cleaned to background.
(2) In the event of a release of hazardous
waste or material which, when released, becomes hazardous waste,
these requirements apply if the responsible party fails to clean up
all the released material and any residue or contaminated soil,
water or other material resulting from the release as required by
R315-9-3. If the level of risk present at the site is below 1 x 10
-6 for carcinogens and a Hazard Index of less than or
equal to one for non-carcinogens based on the risk assessment
conducted in accordance with R315-101-5.2(b)(1) and the [Executive Secretary]Director determines that ecological effects are
insignificant based on the approved assessment conducted in
accordance with R315-101-5.3(a)(8), the requirements of R315-9-3
shall be considered met.
(3) The owner or operator of a hazardous
waste management facility or a facility subject to interim status
requirements shall meet the requirements of R315-7-14 and R315-8-7
prior to implementation of any activities described in R315-101.
The requirements of R315-3-1.1(e)(5) and (6) shall be met for a
hazardous waste management unit if the level of risk present at the
site is below 1 x 10
-6 for carcinogens and a Hazard Index of less than or
equal to one for non-carcinogens based on the risk assessment
conducted in accordance with R315-101-5.2(b)(1) and the [Executive Secretary]Director determines that ecological effects are
insignificant based on the approved assessment conducted in
accordance with R315-101-5.3(a)(8). If these risk exposure criteria
are met, a request for a risk-based closure may be submitted to the
[Executive Secretary]Director for review.
(4) If the risk present at the site is
greater than the exposure limit as defined in R315-101-1(b)(2) or
(3) or the [Executive Secretary]Director determines that ecological effects may be
significant, then a risk-based closure will not be granted and
appropriate management will be required and may include corrective
action, post-closure care, monitoring, deed restrictions, and
security of the site. For determinations of appropriate corrective
action or management activities at a site, the following criteria
shall be considered in order of importance:
(a) The impact or potential impact of the contamination on the human health;
(b) The impact or potential impact of the contamination on the environment;
(c) The technologies available for use in clean-up; and
(d) Economic considerations and cost-effectiveness of clean-up options.
R315-101-2. Stabilization.
The responsible party must immediately
take appropriate action to stabilize the site either through source
removal or source control. After the responsible party has
attempted to complete the requirements of R315-9 and the [Executive Secretary]Director determines that additional work is needed to
stabilize the site, the [Executive Secretary]Director will notify the responsible party that additional
work is necessary and provide the responsible party with objectives
to be addressed in developing a work plan to further stabilize the
site. The work plan shall be submitted to the [Executive Secretary]Director for review and approval within fifteen days of
receiving notification that additional work will be necessary to
complete the emergency actions required by R315-9. Work plans shall
be of a scope commensurate with the work to be performed and
site-specific characteristics. This work plan shall include a
description of the interim measure and how it will meet the
criteria of source removal or source control. The implementation of
the work plan shall be according to the schedule contained within
the approved plan. All interim measures shall be at the expense of
the party responsible for the site. If the party responsible for
the site fails to take the measures required for stabilizing the
site, the [Executive Secretary]Director may request the Executive Director of the
Department to take abatement and cost recovery actions as provided
in Section 19-6-301, et seq., Utah Hazardous Substances Mitigation
Act.
R315-101-3. Principle of Non-degradation.
When closing or managing a contaminated
site, the responsible party shall not allow levels of contamination
in groundwater, surface water, soils, and air to increase beyond
the existing levels of contamination at a site when site management
commences. The responsible party will demonstrate compliance with
this policy by submitting appropriate monitoring data or other data
as may be required by the [Executive Secretary]Director. If at any time the level of contamination
increases, the responsible party shall take immediate corrective
action to prevent further degradation of any medium.
R315-101-5. Health Evaluation Criteria, Risk Assessment.
5.1 REQUIRED STUDY
(a) When conducting the risk assessment the responsible party will use all applicable site characterization data and shall consider the following parameters when conducting the risk assessment:
(1) Identification, concentration, and distribution of all suspected hazardous constituents identified in R315-101-4(e);
(2) All area(s) of contamination at the site;
(3) Fate of contaminants and pathways of contaminant transport; and
(4) Potentially exposed populations.
5.2 CHARACTERIZATION AND EVALUATION OF RISK
(a) The responsible party shall conduct a risk assessment which includes the following:
(1) The concentration term "C" for each medium for each hazardous constituent identified in R315-101-5.1(a)(1);
(2) Evaluation of the fate of contaminants and of all pathways of contaminant transport identified in R315-101-5.1(a)(3);
(3) Exposure assessment identifying the RME for all exposure pathways, intakes, and identified constituents;
(4) Current toxicity information for carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic effects;
(5) Risk characterization identifying carcinogenic risk, individual and multiple substances, and noncarcinogenic hazardous index, individual and multiple substances;
(6) An ecological evaluation which provides for terrestrial and aquatic processes; and
(7) Current toxicity information for all the constituents and biological processes relevant to the ecological evaluation.
(b) The risk assessment shall be conducted using one or both of the standard exposure scenarios listed below, as needed to determine site management options:
(1) Residential. This exposure scenario includes ingestion of water (must include surface water and ground water regardless of water quality), ingestion of soil and dust, ingestion of contaminated and potentially contaminated food, inhalation of contaminants, dermal contact with chemicals in soil, and dermal contact with chemicals in water for a human being ages zero through 70 years old using the equations and default variable values found in the Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund, Volume 1: Human Health Evaluation Manual Supplemental Guidance, "Standard Default Exposure Factors", Interim Final, OSWER Directive 9285.6-03, March 25, 1991 or most recent edition;
(2) Actual land use conditions or potential land use conditions based upon applicable zoning and future land use planning considerations, if potential land use conditions offer a more protective exposure scenario than actual land use conditions. This exposure scenario involves an assessment based on actual site conditions using standard default variable values. The potential land use exposure scenario should include a conceptual model including current site conditions, expected future conditions based upon site-specific physical and chemical information, and the assumption that contaminated media will not have undergone any remedial engineering.
5.3 DATA PRESENTATION
(a) A risk assessment report shall be
submitted to the [Executive Secretary]Director and must include at a minimum the following:
(1) An executive summary;
(2) An overview of the site and the areas of contamination;
(3) A site characterization report which includes:
(i) Maps of sufficient detail and accuracy to depict areas of contamination, topography, geology, and groundwater contours or potentiometric surface;
(ii) Site and regional geological and hydrological descriptions;
(iii) A detailed discussion of areas of contamination;
(iv) Background levels of hazardous constituents including details of statistical methods used to determine background; and
(v) Descriptions of releases of hazardous constituents and expected extent of migration from the area of contamination.
(4) Identification and concentration of hazardous constituents identified in R315-101-5.1(a)(1). A sampling and analysis plan shall be prepared and utilized for the collection of all data. This plan shall be developed using procedures and methods outlined in R315-50-6 and the most current version of "SW-846, Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste." It shall contain a summary outlining data quality objectives, completed analytical request forms for all analysis performed, dry weight equivalents, sampling location identification and justification, standard operating procedures used for data collection, all statistical analysis performed, quality assurance and quality control plans (QA/QC plan) and QA/QC results, instrument calibration results, and analytical methods including constituent detection limits;
(5) Exposure assessment identifying
exposure levels for all exposure pathways identified in
R315-101-5.2(a)(3). If fate and transport models are used, the
users manual, model theory, computer software for the model,
installation verification data set for the model and parametric
analysis of the input parameters must be provided upon request of
the [Executive Secretary]Director;
(6) Identification of toxicity information
gathered for all identified hazardous constituents for
carcinogenic, slope factors and weight-of-evidence classification,
noncarcinogenic effects, chronic reference doses (RfDs) and
critical effects associated with RfDs from, in order of preference,
the Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS), Health Effects
Assessment Summary Tables (HEAST), Agency for Toxic Substances and
Disease Registry (ATSDR) toxicological profiles, Environmental
Criteria and Assessment Office (ECAO), or other scientifically
accepted listings. The source and date of the toxicological
information must be identified and be acceptable to the [Executive Secretary]Director;
(7) The risk characterization identifying
carcinogenic risk, individual and multiple substances,
noncarcinogenic hazardous index, individual and multiple
substances, chronic hazard quotient, subchronic hazard quotient,
uncertainties, and a tabulation of all risk characterization data
presented in a format approved by the [Executive Secretary]Director; and
(8) Unless justification is provided to
the [Executive Secretary]Director, and a waiver of this requirement is granted by the
[Executive Secretary]Director in writing, an ecological assessment of the site
which contains at least the following:
(i) An inventory of the current biological community;
(ii) Estimates of ecological effects based on a subset of ecological endpoints;
(iii) The magnitude and variation of toxic effects; and
(iv) Identification of extent of effects, specifically from the presence of hazardous waste.
(b) If the risk assessment report does not
contain all required information of sufficient quality and detail,
the [Executive Secretary]Director will notify the responsible party in writing of the
deficiencies and require resubmittal of the report in a designated
time frame.
(c) If the risk assessment report contains
all required information of sufficient quality and detail, the [Executive Secretary]Director will approve the risk assessment report in
writing.
R315-101-6. Risk Management: Site Management Plan and Closure Equivalency.
(a) A site management plan which is
supported by the findings in the approved risk assessment report
shall be submitted to the [Executive Secretary]Director within 60 days of approval of the risk assessment
report. This plan may be submitted along with the risk assessment
report and must include a schedule for implementation.
(b) The [Executive Secretary]Director shall review and approve or disapprove of the
conclusions of the proposed site management plan. If the [Executive Secretary]Director finds that the site management plan is not adequate
for protection of human health and the environment, the responsible
party shall then submit a revised site management plan addressing
the comments of the [Executive Secretary]Director within an appropriate time frame as specified by
the [Executive Secretary]Director. The [Executive Secretary]Director shall review and approve or reject the revised site
management plan. Upon draft approval of the site management plan,
the [Executive Secretary]Director shall follow the requirements of R315-101-7 prior
to issuance of final approval. The approved site management plan
shall be implemented according to the approved schedule. If the [Executive Secretary]Director rejects this revised site management plan, the
revised plan will be considered deficient for the reasons specified
by the [Executive Secretary]Director in a statement of disapproval.
(c)(1) The site management plan may
contain a no further action option only if the level of risk
present at the site is below 1 x 10
-6 for carcinogens and a Hazard Index of "less than
or equal to one" for non-carcinogens based on the approved
assessment conducted in accordance with R315-101-5.2(b)(1) and the
[Executive Secretary]Director determines that ecological effects are
insignificant based on the approved assessment conducted in
accordance with R315-101-5.3(a)(8);
(2) The requirements of R315-3-1.1(e)(5)
and (6) shall be deemed met for a hazardous waste management unit
if the level of risk present at the site is below 1 x 10
-6 for carcinogens and a Hazard Index of "less than
or equal to one" for non-carcinogens based on the risk
assessment conducted in accordance with R315-101-5.2(b)(1) and the
[Executive Secretary]Director determines that ecological effects are
insignificant based on the approved assessment conducted in
accordance with R315-101-5.3(a)(8). If this risk exposure criterion
is met, a request for a risk-based closure may be submitted; or
(3) If the risk present at the site is
greater than or equal to 1 x 10
-6 for carcinogens or a Hazard Index of "greater
than one" for non-carcinogens based upon the exposure
assessment conducted in accordance with R315-101-5.2(b)(1), or the
[Executive Secretary]Director determines that ecological effects may be
significant based on the approved assessment conducted in
accordance with R315-101-5.3(a)(8), a risk-based closure will not
be granted. The responsible party shall then submit a site
management plan fulfilling the requirements of R315-101-6(d) or (e)
as applicable.
(d) If the level of risk present at the
site is less than 1 x 10
-4 for carcinogens and a hazard index is "less than
or equal to one" for the risk assessment conducted in
accordance with R315-101-5.2(b)(2) but greater than or equal to 1 x
10
-6 for carcinogens or a hazard index is greater than one
for a risk assessment conducted in accordance with
R315-101-5.2(b)(1) or the [Executive Secretary]Director determines that ecological effects may be
significant based on the approved assessment conducted in
accordance with R315-101-5.3(a)(8), the site management plan may
contain, but is not required to contain, procedures for corrective
action. The site management plan shall contain appropriate
management activities e.g., monitoring, deed notations, site
security, or post-closure care, as determined on a case-by-case
basis in accordance with criteria identified in
R315-101-1(b)(4).
(e) The site management plan must contain
procedures for corrective action if the level of risk present at
the site is greater than or equal to 1 x 10
-4 for carcinogens or a Hazard Index of "greater
than one" for non-carcinogens based on the approved assessment
conducted in accordance with R315-101-5.2(b)(2) or the [Executive Secretary]Director concludes that corrective action is required to
mitigate ecological effects based on the approved assessment
conducted in accordance with R315-101-5.3(a)(8). For determination
of appropriate corrective action the criteria identified in
R315-101-1(b)(4) shall be considered.
(f) If hazardous constituents are present only in groundwater at the site, and if the hazardous constituents are listed in Table 1 of R315-8-6.5, the Maximum Concentration Levels listed in Table 1 can be presented in lieu of health risk estimates for those constituents. The RME for Table 1 constituents must be determined in accordance with approved site characterization methods listed in R315-101-4.
R315-101-7. Public Participation.
(a) The [Executive Secretary]Director may provide for public participation in all phases
of the cleanup action process, as defined in R315-101-4 through
R315-101-6. As directed by the [Executive Secretary]Director and based on the circumstances and level of public
interest at the site, pertinent work plans shall describe how
information will be made available to the public through, for
example, fact sheets or information repositories and, where
appropriate, contain proposed time frames for public input through,
for example, public meetings, hearings, or comment periods. The [Executive Secretary]Director shall also provide public notice, a public comment
period, and public hearing(s) for the site management plan in
accordance with R315-4-1.10 through R315-4-1.12 and
R315-4-1.17.
R315-101-8. Cleanup/Management Action.
(a) Upon approval of the site management
plan by the [Executive Secretary]Director, all remedial activities at the site shall proceed
according to the schedule established in the approved site
management plan using the method(s) described therein.
(b) Cleanup/Management Report. The Cleanup/Management Report shall detail remediation, treatment, and monitoring activities undertaken at the site by the responsible party as required by the approved site management plan. If the Cleanup/Management Report provides analytical data as evidence that levels of contamination at the site meet the requirements established in the site management plan for a risk-based closure or no further action as defined in R315-101-6(c)(2), the responsible party shall submit a certification of completion as outlined in R315-101-8(c), or request risk-based closure as outlined in R315-3-1.1(e)(6), whichever is applicable.
(c) Certification of Completion. Within 60
days of the completion of all activities documented in the
Cleanup/Management Report, a Certification of Completion of
Cleanup/Management Action shall be submitted to the [Executive Secretary]Director by registered mail. The certification of completion
shall state the site has been managed in accordance with the
specifications in the approved Site Management Plan and shall be
signed by the responsible party and by an independent Utah
registered professional engineer.
(d) Oversight.
(1) The [Executive Secretary]Director or his representatives shall have access to the
site as described in R315-2-12 and at all times when activity
pursuant to R315-101 is taking place. The [Executive Secretary]Director or his representatives may take samples or make
records of any visit to the site by photographic, electronic,
videotape or any other reasonable means.
(2) The [Executive Secretary]Director shall bill the responsible party for review of
plans submitted to meet the requirements of this Rule.
(3) The responsible party shall notify the
[Executive Secretary]Director at least seven days prior to any sampling event or
remediation activity.
KEY: hazardous waste
Date of Enactment or Last Substantive Amendment: [September 20, 2001]2013
Notice of Continuation: July 13, 2011
Authorizing, and Implemented or Interpreted Law: 19-6-105; 19-6-106
Additional Information
The Portable Document Format (PDF) version of the Bulletin is the official version. The PDF version of this issue is available at https://rules.utah.gov/publicat/bull-pdf/2013/b20130301.pdf. The HTML edition of the Bulletin is a convenience copy. Any discrepancy between the PDF version and HTML version is resolved in favor of the PDF version.
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For questions regarding the content or application of this rule, please contact Allan Moore at the above address, by phone at 801-536-0211, by FAX at 801-536-0222, or by Internet E-mail at allanmoore@utah.gov; Tina Mercer at the above address, by phone at 801-536-0259, by FAX at 801-536-0222, or by Internet E-mail at tmmercer@utah.gov.